PAOLA — As one of the leading architects of the concept behind the COVID-19 vaccines currently being implemented worldwide, Dr. Barney Graham is often asked what inspired him to be a scientist.
Graham is proud to admit that the professional journey to his current position as deputy director of the Vaccine Research Center at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Maryland began not in a laboratory but on a rural Paola farm.
kAm“%96C6 H2D 2=H2JD 2 AC@3=6> E@ D@=G6 @? E96 72C>[” vC292> D2:5] “*@F’5 DA6?5 92=7 2 52J 7:8FC:?8 @FE 9@H E@ 7:I E9:?8D 2?5 H92E E@@=D J@F ?665]”k^Am
kAm$@>6E:>6D[ E92E :?G@=G65 6IA6C:>6?E2E:@? 2?5 :>AC@G:D2E:@?[ EH@ D<:==D E92E 92G6 D6CG65 9:> H6== E9C@F89@FE 9:D 42C66C]k^Am
kAmq2C?6J’D J@F?86C 3C@E96C[ r9C:D[ D2:5 E96J 3@E9 E@@< @? 2 =@E @7 C6DA@?D:3:=:EJ @? E96 72C> 3642FD6 E96:C 72E96C H2D 3FDJ H:E9 9:D 42C66C 2D 2 56?E:DE] %96J H@C<65 @? E96 72C> 5FC:?8 DF>>6CD H9:=6 E96J =:G65 :? ~=2E96 2?5 E96? >@C6 6IE6?D:G6=J H96? E96J >@G65 :? E96 DF>>6C @7 `hf_ E@ 2 9@>6 3F:=E ?62C E96:C CFC2= 72C> AC@A6CEJ H6DE @7 !2@=2]k^Am
kAmq2C?6J H2D AC6A2C:?8 E@ DE2CE 9:D D6?:@C J62C 2E !2@=2 w:89 $49@@=[ 2?5 r9C:D H2D 2 4@FA=6 @7 J62CD 369:?5 2D A2CE @7 E96 4=2DD @7 `hfb] %96:C J@F?86C D:DE6C[ y2?:46[ 8C25F2E65 7C@> !w$ :? `hff]k^Am
kAm%96:C 72E96C AFC492D65 E96 CFC2= !2@=2 72C> :? E96 =2E6 `he_D[ 2?5 E96J DE2CE65 H:E9 BF2CE6C 9@CD6D 2?5 6G6?EF2==J EC2?D:E:@?65 E@ 42EE=6 2?5 9@8D] pE E96 A62< @7 E96:C @A6C2E:@?[ E96J 925 23@FE a[___ 9625 @7 9@8D]k^Am
kAmr9C:D D2:5 96 2?5 q2C?6J H6C6 C62==J 4:EJ 7@=< EC2?DA=2?E65 E@ E96 72C> =:76[ D@ E9:?8D 5:5?’E 2=H2JD 8@ 6I24E=J 2D A=2??65]k^Am
kAm“(6 925 2 3:8 H9:E6 H@@56? 32C?[ 2?5 @?6 52J[ q2C?6J 2?5 x H6C6 D4C2A:?8 E96 A2:?E E92E H2D 4@>:?8 @77[” r9C:D C642==65] “s25 925 3@F89E D@>6 82C56? DAC2J6CD[ J@F AFE <6C@D6?6 :? E96> E@ 3FC? 8C2DD D9@CE:?8 @FE E96 6=64EC:4 76?46] x 925 962C5 J@F 4@F=5 2=D@ E2<6 A2:?E @77 H:E9 E96>[ 2?5 x E2=<65 q2C?6J :?E@ :E]”k^Am
kAm%96 E@C49 7C@> E96 DAC2J6C 5:5 E2<6 E96 A2:?E @77[ 3FE E96 3C@E96CD D@@? ?@E:465 D>@<6 4@>:?8 @FE @7 E96 C@@7 @7 E96 32C?[ H9:49 92AA6?65 E@ 36 7:==65 H:E9 92J 2?5 9@8D]k^Am
kAm“x? 23@FE `_ >:?FE6D E96 H9@=6 E9:?8 H2D 6?8F=765[” r9C:D D2:5] “xE D>6==65 =:<6 3FC?E A@C< 49@AD 7@C EH@ >@?E9D]”k^Am
kAm(9:=6 E96 72C> =:76 >2J ?@E 92G6 366? q2C?6J’D 42==:?8[ 96 D2:5 96 6?;@J65 E92E E:>6 @7 9:D =:76 :>>6?D6=J[ 2?5 :E 96=A65 AC6A2C6 9:> 7@C E96 4=2DDC@@>[ H96C6 96 ECF=J 6I46==65]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mx% pss$ &!k^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm|2E9 H2D q2C?6J’D A2DD:@?[ 2?5 2D 96 AC6A2C65 7@C 4@==686 96 E9@F89E 96 >:89E 6?5 FA :? E96 E6249:?8 AC@76DD:@?[ A6C92AD 2D 2 >2E9 AC@76DD@C]k^Am
kAm%96 AC@3=6> H2D !2@=2 w:89 $49@@=[ 2E E92E E:>6[ 5:5?’E @776C 25G2?465 >2E9 4=2DD6D =:<6 42=4F=FD] q2C?6J C6>6>36CD C646:G:?8 96=A 7C@> 9:D >2E9 E62496C {2CCJ $E@64<6C]k^Am
kAm“w6 =6E >6 DEF5J 7C@> 9:D 4@==686 3@@<D[” q2C?6J D2:5] “w6 C62==J 96=A65 >6]”k^Am
kAmy2? WsF6E9>2?X %@CC6K 52E65 q2C?6J :? 9:89 D49@@=[ 2?5 D96 D2:5 D96 C6>6>36CD H2:E:?8 7@C 9:> 27E6C 4=2DD H9:=6 96 E2=<65 H:E9 |C] $E@64<6C]k^Am
kAm“%96J H@F=5 5:D4FDD E96@C:6D 2?5 7@C>F=2D 2?5 E9:?8D E92E H6C6 H2J @G6C >J 9625[” D96 D2:5]k^Am
kAmw6C 72G@C:E6 >6>@CJ @7 q2C?6J[ E9@F89[ :D E96 E:>6 96 6?E6C65 E96 !2@=2 C@56@ 2?5 C@56 2 3C@?4]k^Am
kAm“x 42?’E 36=:6G6 E92E 96 925 E96 4@FC286 E@ 5@ E92E[” D96 D2:5]k^Am
kAmx? 255:E:@? E@ 9:D 4=2DD6D 2?5 C@56@ 25G6?EFC6D[ q2C?6J <6AE 3FDJ A=2J:?8 @? E96 !2@=2 32D<6E32== 2?5 8@=7 E62>D]k^Am
kAmqJ E96 E:>6 8C25F2E:@? 52J 2CC:G65[ q2C?6J H2D G2=65:4E@C:2? @7 9:D 4=2DD] %96 >6>36CD @7 E96 4=2DD @7 `hf` H6C6 E96 7:CDE E@ 8C25F2E6 7C@> E96 ?6H 9:89 D49@@=[ H9:49 :D ?@H !2@=2 |:55=6 $49@@=] xE H2D E96 =2C86DE 4=2DD :? E96 9:DE@CJ @7 !w$ 2E E92E E:>6 H:E9 `d_ 8C25F2E6D]k^Am
kAmq2C?6J’D 4=2DD>2E6D G@E65 9:> “>@DE =:<6=J E@ DF44665” :? E96 J62C3@@<]k^Am
kAmw6 5:5 ?@E =6E E96> 5@H?]k^Am
kAmq2C?6J 2EE6?565 #:46 &?:G6CD:EJ[ H96C6 96 8C25F2E65 >28?2 4F> =2F56 H:E9 2 568C66 :? 3:@=@8J] w6 E96? 2EE6?565 >65:42= D49@@= 2E E96 &?:G6CD:EJ @7 z2?D2D[ H96C6 96 62C?65 9:D >65:42= 568C66 :? `hfh]k^Am
kAmw6 2=D@ >6E 9:D H:76[ sC] rJ?E9:2 %FC?6C\vC292>[ H9:=6 E96J H6C6 3@E9 2EE6?5:?8 E96 z& $49@@= @7 |65:4:?6[ 2?5 E96J 8@E >2CC:65 ;FDE >@?E9D 367@C6 8C25F2E:@?] %96J ?@H 92G6 E9C66 8C@H? 49:=5C6? — t3@?6’[ s2?:6= 2?5 p??6]k^Am
kAmq2C?6J 4@?E:?F65 9:D EC2:?:?8 2E '2?56C3:=E &?:G6CD:EJ[ H96C6 96 4@>A=6E65 9:D :?E6C?D9:A[ C6D:56?4J[ EH@ 49:67 C6D:56?4:6D 2?5 2? :?764E:@FD 5:D62D6D 76==@HD9:A] w6 2=D@ 62C?65 9:D !9s :? >:4C@3:@=@8J 2?5 :>>F?@=@8J 7C@> '2?56C3:=E :? `hh`]k^Am
kAm%96 DF3;64E @7 q2C?6J’D 5:DD6CE2E:@?[ C6DA:C2E@CJ DJ?4JE:2= G:CFD W#$'X[ 92D 4@?E:?F65 E@ 36 2 7@4FD 7@C 9:> E9C@F89@FE 9:D 42C66C] w6 2?5 9:D E62> 925 2 3C62<E9C@F89 :? a_`b H96? E96J 567:?65 E96 2E@>:4\=6G6= DECF4EFC6 @7 E96 #$' 7FD:@? AC@E6:?]k^Am
kAmq2C?6J D2:5 E96 7FD:@? AC@E6:? @? #$' :D D:>:=2C E@ E96 DA:<6 AC@E6:? @? 4@C@?2G:CFD6D] w6 D2:5 E96 AC@E6:? D:ED @? E96 DFC7246 @7 E96 G:CFD 2?5 C62496D @FE 2?5 8C23D E96 46==[ AF==:?8 E96> E@86E96C] %96 AC@3=6>[ q2C?6J 6IA=2:?65[ :D E92E E96 AC@E6:? :D =:<6 2 EC2?D7@C>6C[ DE2CE:?8 :? @?6 D92A6 2?5 6?5:?8 :? 2?@E96C] %92E 92D >256 :E 2 DECF88=6 :? E96 A2DE E@ 4C62E6 G244:?6D]k^Am
kAmw:D 3C62<E9C@F89 H:E9 #$' 96=AD 9@=5 E96 AC@E6:? :? :ED @C:8:?2= D92A6[ 2?5 :E 92D 4C62E65 2 3=F6AC:?E 7@C E96 4C62E:@? @7 >F=E:A=6 5:776C6?E G244:?6D]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8muxvw%x}v ~&%q#tpz$k^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm(96? 72465 H:E9 4@>32E:?8 @FE3C62<D @7 t3@=2 :? a_`c 2?5 +:<2 :? a_`e[ E96 }2E:@?2= x?DE:EFE6D @7 w62=E9 W}xwX 2?5 (@C=5 w62=E9 ~C82?:K2E:@? W(w~X EFC?65 E@ sC] vC292> 7@C 96=A] w6 2?5 9:D E62> 96=A65 56G6=@A G244:?6D[ H:E9 sC] vC292> 24EF2==J 56D:8?:?8 E96 +:<2 G244:?6[ 3FE sC] vC292> D2:5 E92E :? 3@E9 42D6D E96 @FE3C62<D 925 6?565 367@C6 9:D E62> 4@F=5 86E 2 ECF6 2?DH6C 23@FE E96 67764E:G6?6DD @7 E96 G244:?6D]k^Am
kAm%96 DECF88=6[ 96 D2:5[ :D 2=H2JD 86EE:?8 2 G244:?6 56G6=@A65[ E6DE65 2?5 2AAC@G65 :? E:>6 E@ 96=A 367@C6 2? @FE3C62< 92D 6?565] %96 +:<2 G244:?6 E@@< 23@FE `__ 52JD[ H9:49 2E E96 E:>6 H2D @?6 @7 E96 72DE6DE]k^Am
kAmx? a_`f[ sC] vC292> E62>65 FA H:E9 |@56C?2 E@ D66 :7 9:D AC@E6:? 56D:8? 2?5 |@56C?2’D >#}p A=2E7@C> 4@F=5 36 FD65 E@ 4C62E6 2 C2A:5 AC@5F4E:@? DJDE6> 7@C G244:?6D]k^Am
kAmx? 62C=J y2?F2CJ a_a_[ sC] vC292> 2?5 |@56C?2 H6C6 AC6A2C:?8 7@C 2 4=:?:42= EC:2= E@ E6DE H96E96C 2 G244:?6 4@F=5 36 EC62E65 E@ 4@>32E }:A29[ 2 5625=J G:CFD DAC625 3J 32ED :? pD:2]k^Am
kAm%92E 492?865 @? y2?] f[ a_a_[ H96? E96J =62C?65 E92E E96 C6DA:C2E@CJ 5:D62D6 A=28F:?8 r9:?2 H2D 36:?8 42FD65 3J 2 4@C@?2G:CFD]k^Am
kAmsC] vC292> D2:5 96 2?5 |@56C?2 rt~ $EéA92?6 q2?46= 28C665 E@ D9:7E E96 7@4FD @7 E96 4=:?:42= EC:2= E@ 4C62E:?8 2 G244:?6 7@C E96 4@C@?2G:CFD]k^Am
kAm~? u63] a[ a_a_[ sC] vC292> C646:G65 2 42== 7C@> &8FC $29:?[ E96 rt~ @7 q:@}%649[ 2D<:?8 9:D E9@F89ED @? H92E AC@E6:? 96 H@F=5 FD6 7@C 2 r~'xs\`h G244:?6] sC] vC292> D92C65 E96 D2>6 AC@E6:? >@56= 96 H2D FD:?8 H:E9 |@56C?2[ 2?5 3@E9 4@>A2?:6D 3682? H@C< @? 56G6=@A:?8 2 G244:?6]k^Am
kAmp=E9@F89 sC] vC292> 2?5 |@56C?2 925 2 9625 DE2CE[ H:E9 E96 7:CDE A2E:6?E 36:?8 G244:?2E65 5FC:?8 2 4=:?:42= EC:2= :? |2C49[ sC] vC292> D2:5 q:@}%649 C646:G65 E96 324<:?8 @7 E96 !7:K6C A92C>246FE:42= 4@CA@C2E:@?[ H9:49 2==@H65 E96> E@ BF:4<=J 42E49 FA]k^Am
kAmqJ E96 6?5 @7 yF=J a_a_[ E96 |@56C?2 2?5 !7:K6C G244:?6D 925 3@E9 DE2CE65 A92D6 E9C66 EC:2=D]k^Am
kAm%96 4C62E:@? @7 E96 G244:?6 E@@< @?=J ed 52JD[ H9:49 sC] vC292> D2:5 :D C64@C5\3C62<:?8 E:>6]k^Am
kAmsC] vC292> D2:5 3@E9 @7 E96 G244:?6D 2C6 D:>:=2C[ 2?5 ?@H E92E 3@E9 2C6 36:?8 25>:?:DE6C65 E@ E96 AF3=:4[ 96 6?4@FC286D 6G6CJ@?6 E@ E2<6 25G2?E286 @7 H9:496G6C @?6 E96J 42? 86E E96:C 92?5D @? 7:CDE]k^Am
kAm“p?J G244:?6 E92E :D 2AAC@G65 3J E96 usp[ x E9:?< :D D276[” sC] vC292> D2:5] “tG6CJ3@5J :D 8@:?8 E@ 36 :>>F?6 E@ E9:D G:CFD :? E9C66 E@ 7:G6 J62CD[ 6:E96C 3J :?764E:@? @C G244:?2E:@?]”k^Am
kAmsC] vC292>’D H@C< 92D 62C?65 9:> 2 ?F>36C @7 244@=256D[ :?4=F5:?8 E96 a_`f s:DE:?8F:D965 |65:42= p=F>?FD 2H2C5 AC6D6?E65 3J E96 z& |65:42= p=F>?: pDD@4:2E:@?]k^Am
kAmw:D C6D62C49 46?E6C 2=D@ 92D 82:?65 >@C6 ?@E@C:6EJ 5FC:?8 E96 A2DE J62C 5F6 E@ E96 A2?56>:4[ 6DA64:2==J D:?46 :E :D F?56C E96 F>3C6==2 @7 E96 }2E:@?2= x?DE:EFE6 @7 p==6C8J 2?5 x?764E:@FD s:D62D6D[ H96C6 sC] p?E9@?J u2F4: :D E96 5:C64E@C 2?5 49:67 >65:42= 25G:D6C E@ E96 AC6D:56?E]k^Am
kAmpD 56AFEJ 5:C64E@C @7 E96 C6D62C49 46?E6C[ sC] vC292> D2:5 96 4@>>F?:42E6D H:E9 sC] u2F4: 6G6CJ H66< @C EH@[ 3FE 96 D2:5 s:C64E@C y@9? |2D4@=2 DA62<D H:E9 sC] u2F4: AC24E:42==J 6G6CJ 52J]k^Am
kAm{2DE DAC:?8[ sC] vC292> H2D 2D<65 E@ 8:G6 2 AC6D6?E2E:@? 23@FE 9:D r~'xs\`h G244:?6 C6D62C49 E@ E96? !C6D:56?E s@?2=5 %CF>A[ H9@ H2D E@FC:?8 E96 724:=:EJ]k^Am
kAmsC] vC292>’D H@C< 92D 366? 762EFC65 :? ?F>6C@FD AF3=:42E:@?D[ :?4=F56 %96 }6H *@C<6C 2?5 }2E:@?2= v6@8C2A9:4[ 3FE q2C?6J D2:5 96 :D ?@E :? E96 :?5FDECJ 7@C 72>6 2?5 ?@E@C:6EJ] x?DE625[ 96’D 7@4FD65 @? >6?E@C:?8 @E96C J@F?8 D4:6?E:DED :? 9:D 7:6=5 2?5 H@C<:?8 E@ 4@>32E E96 6G6C\492?8:?8 H@C=5 @7 G:CFD6D 2?5 G244:?6D]k^Am
kAm“(6’C6 ECJ:?8 E@ DE2J EH@ DE6AD 29625 @7 E96D6 ?6H >FE2?E G:CFD6D[” sC] vC292> D2:5[ 255:?8 E92E 96 :D 9@A67F= 2 #$' G244:?6 H:== 36 2G2:=23=6 3J a_ac @C a_ad]k^Am
kAmr9C:D D2:5 96 :D ?@E DFCAC:D65 3J 9:D 3C@E96C’D 9F>3=6 A6CD@?2=:EJ] x? 724E[ :E :D H92E 96 >@DE C6DA64ED 23@FE 9:D @=56C D:3=:?8]k^Am
kAm“x7 J@F >66E q2C?6J :? A6CD@?[ J@F H@F=5?’E 92G6 2?J :562 E92E 96 :D @?6 @7 E96 H@C=5’D E@A D4:6?E:DED[” r9C:D D2:5] “~FC H9@=6 72>:=J :D G6CJ AC@F5 @7 9:>]”k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mw~|tr~|x}vk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAmq2C?6J :D ?@E 23=6 E@ >2<6 :E 324< E@ |:2>: r@F?EJ G6CJ @7E6?[ 3FE 96 DE:== 92D 72>:=J :? z2?D2D H:E9 r9C:D :? ~G6C=2?5 !2C< 2?5 y2?:46 :? {2HC6?46] q@E9 @7 9:D A2C6?ED 2C6 2=D@ 3FC:65 :? !C2EE[ z2?]k^Am
kAm%6? J62CD 28@[ H9:=6 G:D:E:?8 9:D >@E96C[ q2C?6J >256 2 DE@A :? !2@=2 2?5 DFCAC:D65 9:D 4=2DD>2E6D 3J 2EE6?5:?8 E96:C c_E9 4=2DD C6F?:@? 46=63C2E:@?]k^Am
kAmr=2DD>2E6 |2C=2 W|4z@@?X s:==:?6C[ H9@ @C82?:K6D E96 4=2DD C6F?:@?D[ D2:5 D96 5:5?’E C64@8?:K6 q2C?6J 2E 7:CDE H96? 96 H2=<65 :?E@ E96:C >66E:?8 2E !:KK2 wFE] qFE 96 H2D 2D 9F>3=6 2D 6G6C H96? D96 2D<65 9:> H92E 2== E96 =6EE6CD 27E6C 9:D ?2>6 >62?]k^Am
kAm“w6 D2:5[ ‘E92E ;FDE >62?D x C625 2 =@E[’” |2C=2 C642==65 H:E9 2 =2F89] “w6 H2D 2 C62==J ?:46 8FJ]”k^Am
kAmr=2DD>2E6 y:> |6:?:8 D2:5 96 6?;@J65 42E49:?8 FA H:E9 9:D @=5 7C:6?5] %96 EH@ 925 2 DA64:2= 4@??64E:@? 3642FD6 E96J 52E65 D:DE6CD 324< :? `hf`] y:> 2=D@ C6>6>36CD 8:G:?8 2 76H 72C>:?8 E:AD E@ q2C?6J]k^Am
kAm“x 925 E@ E6249 9:> 9@H E@ E9C@H 92J[” y:> D2:5] “(6 <?6H 96 H2D D92CA[ 2?5 96 H2D 2=H2JD @?6 E@ 8@ 23@G6 2?5 36J@?5[ 3FE 96 DE:== 925 4@>>@? D6?D6[ 2?5 E92E’D 76H 2?5 72C 36EH66?] w6 H2D ;FDE 2 G6CJ ?:46 8FJ]”k^Am
kAm(9:=6 324< :? E@H?[ q2C?6J D2:5 96 925 E@ E2<6 2 EC:A 3J E96 @=5 72C> 9@FD6 E@ D66 9@H E9:?8D 92G6 96=5 FA] (9:=6 E96C6[ 96 42>6 24C@DD H92E >:89E 36 E96 4C@H?:?8 249:6G6>6?E @7 9:D H@C< 42C66C[ 2 E6DE2>6?E E@ E96 >2?F2= =23@C 96 2?5 9:D 3C@E96C AFE :?E@ E96 72C>]k^Am
kAm“x H2D AC6EEJ AC@F5 E@ D66 E96 4@C?6C A@DE 2?5 76?46 DE:== DE2?5:?8[” q2C?6J D2:5]k^Am
(0) comments
Welcome to the discussion.
Log In
Keep it Clean. Please avoid obscene, vulgar, lewd, racist or sexually-oriented language.
PLEASE TURN OFF YOUR CAPS LOCK.
Don't Threaten. Threats of harming another person will not be tolerated.
Be Truthful. Don't knowingly lie about anyone or anything.
Be Nice. No racism, sexism or any sort of -ism that is degrading to another person.
Be Proactive. Use the 'Report' link on each comment to let us know of abusive posts.
Share with Us. We'd love to hear eyewitness accounts, the history behind an article.